Schueren, FabianFabianSchuerenLingner, ThomasThomasLingnerGeorge, RosemolRosemolGeorgeHofhuis, JuliaJuliaHofhuisDickel, CorinnaCorinnaDickelGärtner, JuttaJuttaGärtnerThoms, SvenSvenThoms2017-09-072017-09-072014https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/3967Translational readthrough gives rise to low abundance proteins with C-terminal extensions beyond the stop codon. To identify functional translational readthrough, we estimated the readthrough propensity (RTP) of all stop codon contexts of the human genome by a new regression model in silico, identified a nucleotide consensus motif for high RTP by using this model, and analyzed all readthrough extensions in silico with a new predictor for peroxisomal targeting signal type 1 (PTS1). Lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB) showed the highest combined RTP and PTS1 probability. Experimentally we show that at least 1.6% of the total cellular LDHB getting targeted to the peroxisome by a conserved hidden PTS1. The readthrough-extended lactate dehydrogenase subunit LDHBx can also co-import LDHA, the other LDH subunit into peroxisomes. Peroxisomal LDH is conserved in mammals and likely contributes to redox equivalent regeneration in peroxisomes.CC BY 4.0https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0journal_article10.7554/eLife.03640252477020003420903000023142048https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/11685