Specific heat of segmented Heisenberg quantum spin chains in (Yb1-xLux)(4)As-3

Abstract

We report low-temperature specific heat, C(T), measurements on (Yb1-xLux)(4)As-3, with x = 0.01 and x = 0.03, where nonmagnetic Lu atoms are randomly distributed on antiferromagnetic S = 1/2 Heisenberg chains with J/k(B) = 28 K. The observed reduction of C below 15 K with increasing x is accurately described by quantum transfer matrix simulations without any adjustable parameter, implying that the system is an excellent experimental realization of segmented quantum spin chains. Finite-size effects consistent with conformal-field theory predictions are leading to the formation of an effective low-energy gap. The size of the gap increases with Lu content and accounts for the impurity-driven reduction of the specific heat. For both concentrations our results verify experimentally the low-temperature scaling behavior established theoretically and also confirm the value of J determined from pure Yb4As3.