Dr. Elisabeth Hecker (1895-1986): On the one hand respect for her involvement as child and adolescent psychiatrist - On the other hand disapproval for her participation in killing mentally retarded children

Abstract

During the period of national socialism in Loben/Lublinitz (Silesia) existed a children's special department, where many disabled and mentally retarded children were killed. This was happened under participation of the physician Elisabeth Hecker, who was one of the pioneer's of child and adolescent psychiatry in Germany. During the Second World War she was director of the Loben's clinic for adolescent psychiatry - one of the first of its sort and situated directly in the neighbourhood of the children's special department. Hecker announced children with negative ratings to the "Reich Committee for the Scientific Registration of Severe Genetically and Constitutionally Determined Diseases" in Berlin and transferred them to the children's special department in Loben. In 1979 the German Association of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry appointed Hecker as a honorary member for her commitment after the war. This honorary membership has been discussed critically because of her activities during the period of national socialism. The following paper analyses Hecker's involvement to the child "euthanasia" program based on unnoticed archival sources.