Browsing by Author "Howard, A."

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    Degradation pathway of the phosphonate ciliatine: Crystal structure of 2-aminoethylphosphonate transaminase
    (Amer Chemical Soc, 2002)
    Chen, CCH
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    Zhang, H.
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    Kim, A. D.
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    Howard, A.
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    Sheldrick, George M.  
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    Mariano-Dunaway, D.
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    Herzberg, O.
    Phosphonates allow certain organisms to thrive in otherwise hostile environments, and 2-aminoethylphosphonate (AEP) is a precursor of many cellular phosphonates. AEP transaminase (AEPT) is an enzyme essential to phosphonate synthesis and degradation pathways. The crystal structure of AEP transaminase was determined by multiwavelength anomalous diffraction of 66 selenium atoms. The refined structure at 2.2 Angstrom resolution revealed an overall fold and active site location similar to those of the dimeric, two-domain structure of type I aminotransferases. The active site contains a cofactor, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), and the product phosphonoacetaldehyde. Comparison with other type I aminotransferase structures shows that the PLP-protein interactions are conserved. Modeling of bound substrates and products reveals the structural basis for AEP recognition and the stereospecificity of proton elimination at the cc-carbon and indicates conformational changes along the reaction pathway.
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    Performance in beam tests of irradiated Low Gain Avalanche Detectors for the ATLAS High Granularity Timing Detector
    (2022-09-21)
    Agapopoulou, C.
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    Alderweireldt, S.
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    Ali, S.
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    Ayoub, M. K.
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    Benchekroun, D.
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    Castillo García, L.
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    Chan, Y. H.
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    El Jarrari, H.
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    Falou, A.
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    Ferreira, A.
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    Gkougkousis, E. L.
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    Grieco, C.
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    Grinstein, S.
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    Große-Knetter, Jörn  
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    Guimarães da Costa, J.
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    Guindon, S.
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    Henriques Correia, A. M.
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    Hidalgo, S.
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    Howard, A.
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    Hsu, P.J.
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    Huang, Y. C.
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    Khoulaki, Y.
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    Kramberger, G.
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    Kuwertz, E. S.
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    Lange, J.
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    Li, C.
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    Li, Q.
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    Lin, H. C.
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    Lu, Y. J.
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    Makovec, N.
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    Masetti, L.
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    Mazini, R.
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    Mazza, S. M.
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    Nikolic, I.
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    Pellegrini, G.
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    Quadt, Arnulf  
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    Reynolds, B.
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    Rizzi, C.
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    Robles Manzano, M.
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    Rummler, A.
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    Sacerdoti, S.
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    Serin, L.
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    Soengen, J.
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    Tayalati, Y.
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    Terzo, S.
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    Tolley, E.
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    Trincaz-Duvoid, S.
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    Wang, S. M.
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    Yang, X.
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    Agapopoulou, C.;
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    Alderweireldt, S.;
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    Ali, S.;
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    Ayoub, M.K.;
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    Benchekroun, D.;
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    Castillo García, L.;
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    Chan, Y.H.;
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    El Jarrari, H.;
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    Falou, A.;
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    Ferreira, A.;
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    Gkougkousis, E.L.;
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    Grieco, C.;
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    Grinstein, S.;
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    Große-Knetter, J.;
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    Guimarães da Costa, J.;
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    Guindon, S.;
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    Henriques Correia, A.M.;
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    Hidalgo, S.;
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    Howard, A.;
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    Hsu, P.J.;
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    Huang, Y.C.;
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    Khoulaki, Y.;
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    Kramberger, G.;
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    Kuwertz, E.S.;
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    Lange, J.;
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    Li, C.;
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    Li, Q.;
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    Lin, H.C.;
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    Lu, Y.J.;
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    Makovec, N.;
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    Masetti, L.;
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    Mazini, R.;
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    Mazza, S.M.;
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    Nikolic, I.;
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    Pellegrini, G.;
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    Quadt, A.;
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    Reynolds, B.;
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    Rizzi, C.;
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    Robles Manzano, M.;
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    Rummler, A.;
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    Sacerdoti, S.;
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    Serin, L.;
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    Soengen, J.;
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    Tayalati, Y.;
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    Terzo, S.;
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    Tolley, E.;
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    Trincaz-Duvoid, S.;
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    Wang, S.M.;
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    Yang, X.;
    AbstractThe High Granularity Timing Detector (HGTD) will be installed in the ATLAS detector to mitigate pile-up effects during the High Luminosity (HL) upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The design of the HGTD is based on the use of Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs), with an active thickness of 50 μm, that allow to measure with high-precision the time of arrival of particles. The HGTD will improve the particle-vertex assignment by measuring the track time with a resolution ranging from approximately 30 ps at the beginning of the HL-LHC operations to 50 ps at the end. Performances of several unirradiated, as well as neutron- and proton-irradiated, LGAD sensors from different vendors have been measured in beam test campaigns during the years 2018 and 2019 at CERN SPS and DESY. This paper presents the results obtained with data recorded by an oscilloscope synchronized with a beam telescope which provides particle position information within a resolution of a few μm. Collected charge, time resolution and hit efficiency are presented. In addition to these properties, the charge uniformity is also studied as a function of the position of the incident particle inside the sensor pad.